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About

Since March 2015, Khaled has taken over Professor Malcolm Whitfield's research project commitments, including leading PhD research projects as well as his major statistical modelling project. This includes his Health Economics leadership role, working across diverse disciplines within the Faculty of Health and Wellbeing.

Khaled currently leads statistical modelling in various projects, undertaking methodological and applied research and consultancy, using mathematical and statistical techniques in health and healthcare.

For the past 17 years, Khaled's main research interests have been in Bayesian statistical methods and their application to epidemiology and health, in particular, addressing maternal and child health and a variety of health-related inequalities, both in developing countries and command economies, using large-scale household data. During these years Khaled has developed a portfolio of research in the burden of disease domain and utilising data at various spatial resolutions/scales for best policy guidance (i.e. global, national and international levels). This form of research has been developed in combination with a wide range of international and local scientists and their respective research institutions. Khaled's research has employed advanced Bayesian and spatial methods to identify high-risk areas for disease burden/mortality and associated highly attributable determinants to help improve resource allocation, as well as developing more specific personalised/targeted interventions.

This work has resulted in at least hundreds of publications in internationally prestigious recognised journals, and of these, he has led over forty papers. Khaled's current income from research and consultancy-related projects stands at over £6 million (£1.8 million at SHU). These research projects and the highest impact articles have allowed me to extend his network, to be invited as a key speaker for international conferences, and to be a visiting professor at Ohio University, and visiting professor of Bayesian Statistics at the University of Washington, United States (US). Furthermore, Khaled is on the editorial board of highly regarded scientific journals such as PLOS ONE, and the International Journal of Environmental Ï㽶ÊÓƵ and Public Health. This has endorsed him to work with a broad network of researchers, statisticians, and policymakers, following a science-based, collaborative approach.

In 2019, Khaled became visiting Professor of Bayesian statistics at the University of Washington, US.

In 2019, Khaled became Editor of the International Journal of Environmental Ï㽶ÊÓƵ and Public Health for Child Health and Health Care. Khaled leads on Special Issue "Child Health and Effective Health Care in Low-and Middle-income Countries"  

Since early 2017, Khaled is Chair and of the Child Health and Epidemiology Group and line manager to the members of the Group. This theme aims to develop and deploy new and improved evidence on the causes and determinants of neonatal and child & maternal morbidity and mortality, on intervention handling and on the effectiveness of interventions to enlighten and impact the research priorities in this area both nationally and internationally. This includes estimating the specific distribution of the leading causes of under-5 deaths, as well as maternal mortality and of the proportion of these deaths which can be prevented and lives saved through developing precise interventions and enhancing modelling methodology along with new predictions of efficacy and effectiveness of child survival interventions.

From 2015-2017, Khaled was Chair of the Ï㽶ÊÓƵ Methodology Team. This Ï㽶ÊÓƵ Team aims to promote research design, methodologies and statistical modelling in the University. To support the science of quality in all of our projects, the Centre invested in a Ï㽶ÊÓƵ Methods Group. The Group ensures that all research projects, bids and contracts are driven by clear conceptual frameworks, consisting of problem definitions, literature review, hypothesis, research questions, recruitment procedure, data collections, statistical methods and health economic modelling. They are implemented with well-documented research designs and methods, using appropriate statistical analysis.

Khaled has been appointed as a Visiting Professor in Statistics by the University of Ohio Zanesville, the USA for 2016-2018. During this period, he has been working on a joint project with Ohio to assess the efficiency and effectiveness of herbal vs orthodox medicines in the USA publication: 'A case study for Campus students from different age groups'. Also, he taught the MATH 2500 (Statistics) course during the spring semester of 2017.

In early 2017, Khaled became an Academic Editor for PLOS ONE Journal.

Khaled was recently nominated as an inspirational research supervisor, which is a significant achievement and is testament to the quality of his professional practice. It reflects well on his professionalism and his support to the PhD students.

Khaled has over 17 years' professional and/or post-doctoral experience in medical statistics and health economic modelling applied to epidemiology, social care, and public health. Over this period, in his role as Principal Investigator or Co-Investigator, he has secured over £6 (£1.8 million at SHU since 2012) million of research and consultancy grants for different institutions and published over hundreds of articles) (40 as the first author), with an average impact factor of 4 across all publications in high-impact internationally peer-reviewed journals such as the American Journal of Tropical Medicine, PLOS ONE and Nature (at least eight articles were considered in REF 2014 and REF 2021).  

During the period 2016-2019, Khaled was able to develop a few novel models. He developed a few novel models. He assessed the area-specific spatial effects and risk factors of co-morbidity in children under five years old using a Bayesian multinomial geoadditive model (published in PLOS ONE in 2017). In 2019, some other novel papers were published/or accepted to be published in collaboration with the University of Washington. These few joint articles focus on global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and mortality of HIV; global, regional, and national cancer incidence, mortality, years of life lost; and the global burden of type 2 diabetes, mapping 123 million neonatal, infant and neonatal, and child deaths for 195 countries around the world. These articles have been accepted and published in The Lancet HIV, JAMA Oncology, The Lancet Planetary, and Nature journals, respectively, in 2019. 

Khaled's main research interests are in Bayesian statistical methods and their application to epidemiology and health, in particular, addressing maternal and child health and a variety of health-related health inequalities, both in the developing countries and command economies, using large scale household data. This includes Bayesian modelling and diseases mapping, statistical methods applied to epidemiology, survival analysis, longitudinal data analysis, meta-analysis and Bayesian spatial Analysis. 

• In Khaled previous roles, he worked as an Assistant Professor in Medical Statistics and Statistical Methods in Epidemiology for the RWTH Aachen University in Germany. In this capacity, he led the Epidemiology and Public Health Scheme at the Medical School of Aachen for five years from 2008 to 2012. His primary role was to direct and contribute to the output of multidisciplinary research teams (which comprised medical doctors, statisticians, a data manager, a sociologist and various research assistants). Khaled led the statistics and health economic components of funded research projects and bids. Another of Khaled's principal duties was to mentor, advise and train junior researchers to improve their skills and adjust their strategies to meet essential criteria, thereby conforming to the overall strategy of the University. As Principal Investigator (PI), he led several projects, collaborating with Aachen University, Warwick University, and Stockholm University. Data from these projects have been published in several prestigious international journals.
• Khaled worked as a statistical consultant at Glasgow University from 2007 to 2008 and participated in a project funded by Glasgow City Council and the Scottish Government. The aim of this project was primarily to evaluate the impact of the provision of new social housing on physical and mental health. It focused on a longitudinal assessment of the health-related effects of significant housing improvements across Scotland. There was no marked change in physical health outcomes for people who were rehoused, nor was there any significant change in health-related behaviours.
• From 2000 to 2008, Khaled worked as a researcher (and later as a senior researcher) in the Institute of Statistics at Munich University, where he gained both his MSc and PhD qualifications. During this period, Khaled taught statistics and supervised undergraduate and postgraduate students while developing modules and teaching materials.
• Khaled also served as PI and participated (COI) in various projects which focused upon maternal and child health in developing countries in collaboration with Heidelberg University.
• Khaled has been developing and applying modelling in support of healthcare decision-making, nationally and internationally, across an extensive range of diseases, interventions and service planning and policy issues, over the past 17 years. He has delivered many projects over a diverse range of research studies, including maternal and child health, CVD disease in the UK and abroad, dementia patients in the UK and abroad, public health problems in Europe and developing countries and cancer projects. This experience has led him to become a consultant for statistics and quantitative methods at the Royal Statistical Society in London.

Teaching

School of Health and Social Care

College of Health, Wellbeing and Life Sciences

Statistics III (Bayesian Inference, Multivariate Analysis, Probability Analysis, Regression Analysis)
Statistics I and II (introductory courses in statistics)
Medical Statistics
Advanced Statistical Methods in Epidemiology

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Khaled has been developing and applying models to support healthcare decision-making nationally and internationally across a broad range of diseases, interventions, and service planning and policy issues over the past 17 years. Khaled has delivered many projects over a diverse range of research studies, including maternal and child health, cardiovascular disease (CVD) disease in the United Kingdom (UK) and abroad, dementia patients in the UK and abroad, public health problems in Europe and developing countries, and cancer projects. This experience has led to me becoming a consultant for statistics and quantitative methods at the Royal Statistical Society in London.

Khaled has over 17 years' professional and/or post-doctoral experience in Medical Statistics and Health Economic modelling applied to epidemiology, social care, and public health over this period. In Khaled's role as PI or co-investigator, He has secured over £6 million (£1.8 million at SHU since 2012) of research and consultancy grants for different institutions.

 Contribution to the development of the field of statistics: He developed an advanced statistical technique utilising highly sophisticated models to enable to accommodate a large number of variables, such as categorical, metrical, binary, spatial, and numerous types of outcome variables. Khaled developed and used the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) package in R software and a C++ code compiler system to develop this model, which has since been used widely. The outputs of this model system were published in the American Journal of Tropical Medicine.

January 2019. As a CoPI, Khaled secured SHU\HWB Creating Knowledge Fund for the Child Health and Epidemiology team to promote the African Projects.

2018-2021: Khaled has had significant grant applications approved and funded. One of these applications, including research funding totalling £533,432, was submitted to the National Institute for Health Ï㽶ÊÓƵ (NIHR) 10th call for intervention (i4i), focusing on the Product Development Awards and Challenge Awards, and virtual reality (VR) prosthetics experiential system using Rift. This proposal builds on our previous VR pilot study with seven amputee patients. 

The project involves a large team derived from SHU, the Northern General Hospital, and Sheffield teaching hospitals that are part of the NHS Foundation Trust. Khaled leads the research methodology and statistical and health economic modelling in this project.

January 2018: As a PI, Khaled secured a SHU\HWB grant from the Strategic Ï㽶ÊÓƵ Investment Fund for the Child Health and Epidemiology team. This grant aimed to organise a seminar focusing on geospatial child health and epidemiology to explore the main concepts, gaps, methods, and research findings relating to infants and young children – five years and under and over – from a variety of perspectives, including psychology, education, and health, and including approaches to assessment and intervention.

This seminar took place at the Faculty of Health and Wellbeing at SHU on 20th June 2018. 

The main themes discussed at the seminar were child morbidity and mortality, child and adolescent mental health, interventions and evidence, and child labour and environmental influence to identify the social policies and programmes those are most effective in supporting Africa’s poorest and most vulnerable children.

The focus of this Strategic Ï㽶ÊÓƵ fund included the seminar and the collaboration with different institutions (e.g. Wellcome Trust, Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London), which aligns well with the University strategy as it builds on existing partnerships, further developing and creating a broad set of strategic research collaborations with other institutions and other universities in the UK and internationally to maintain and enhance our research excellence and reputation.

From 2018 to 2020, another grant application has been funded by Dunhill Trust (£85,000) to evaluate the prevalence of thermal comfort/thermal discomfort perception self-report, body temperature, and skin thermal imaging maps in residents with/without mild cognitive impairment. Khaled is leading the statistical analysis in this project to assess the differences between self-report scales and the actual body temperatures for people with/without mild cognitive impairment.

2016-2019: As a co-PI, Khaled developed the main concept for addressing missing values in MINAP data (The Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project). This project analysed routinely collected data for over 32,000 patients over three years (between 2010 and 2017) from the MINAP database and provided information vital to the development and evaluation of interventions aimed at reducing patient delay in contacting the emergency services following symptoms of Acute Coronary Syndrome. As a co-PI, Khaled leads statistical analysis that seeks to model the missing values in MINAP using multiple imputations with multilevel models to improve the efficiency of inferences and to enhance the utility of these data. A multidisciplinary research team is involved in this project, which originates from SHU, the University of Surrey, and the MINAP project manager. This grant was funded by the NIHR between 2014 and 2017 (£84,460).

Previous Projects

With a colleague, Khaled applied to Parkinson's Ï㽶ÊÓƵ UK for funding to assess the economic and social cost of Parkinson's on patients, carers, and their families. This project was successful and secured a total funding of £45,000. Khaled role in this project was to lead the health economic evaluation bid in collaboration with Professor Malcolm Whitfield. Since March 2015, Khaled has also assumed Professor Whitfield’s role. The health economic evaluation aims to assess the economic burden of Parkinson's disease in the UK. 

The objective was to probe and investigate various cost dimensions, including treatment costs borne by the Government; direct and indirect medical costs to the patient; social care costs are borne by local government; paid/unpaid carer costs to the patient and their family; and societal costs (in terms of productivity loss caused by the inability of patients and family carers to attend work).

Another project, 'A Tender for Models of Excellence Literature Reviews: Physical Activity (PA) in People with MS', was funded with £10,000 from the MS Society in June 2015. Khaled led the health economic bid, which aimed to review the economic and clinical effectiveness of PA delivery models. A multidisciplinary research team from Health and Social Care Ï㽶ÊÓƵ and the Centre for Sport and Exercise Science (CSES) was involved in this project from SHU. The findings of this project were published. The results identified an association between increased PA and improved mental health in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).

In November 2015, another grant application was awarded £10,000 funding by the Doncaster Royal Infirmary (DRI). The overall aim of this project was to evaluate the 'Back Active' and 'Be Active' programmes of care and to prepare for an NIHR RfPB funding application in December 2015. One of the specific objectives was to identify limitations in the current evaluation strategy, such as the robustness and adequacy of outcome measurements, cost-effectiveness evaluation, and long-term data collection. This project led to recommendations for improving the assessment of the programme appropriate to a future cost-effectiveness research study. A health economics analysis examined the efficiency, costs, benefits and value for money in terms of improvement in the quality of life, estimated through quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) saved and decreasing disability levels as a result of being involved in the study. Effectiveness evaluation of this model was undertaken to assess the effect on other areas of care, including social care.

Another grant application, including research funding totalling £70,000, was awarded by the NHS Foundation Trust. Khaled led the statistical modelling in this project, which was designed to evaluate the Sheffield primary care programme.

In December 2015, another grant application was funded by Middlesbrough Council (£120,000) to review health development service provisions. His role in this project was to lead the health economic reviews.

In February 2016, one of Khaled's grant applications was funded by the Rotherham, Doncaster and South Humber NHS Foundation Trust – £69,000 funded the evaluation of the Adult Mental Health Hospital Liaison Service. Khaled led the statistical analysis in this project, which was designed to combine a retrospective matched control analysis with a series of targeted interviews of the project leads, hospital staff, and patients and their families.

Between 2007 and 2013, Khaled led (PI) a lung-related diseases project (€1.9 million) funded by one of the critical occupational healthcare bodies in Germany. In this project, we examined the risk factors for developing lung cancer, using cohort data from around 20,000 participants who had been exposed to asbestos for many years. Khaled's role in this particular project was to lead the statistical and health economic analysis and to oversee the whole project, managing a multidisciplinary research team from the universities of Aachen, Munich, and Warwick.   

A related funded project (€2.5 million) aimed to assess workplace exposure for different industrial groups (power generation, gas, etc.) and conducted clinical examinations of these groups using x-rays, CT scans, and other techniques. Khaled led the statistical and health economic modelling bid in this project in collaboration with Aachen University. The German Social Accident Insurance Institution funded this project. 

The findings of this project were published in a prestigious journal in the occupational health field in Germany (2010), conference papers, and in internal reports in Germany.

In 2010, Khaled submitted a grant application to the RWTH Aachen University in collaboration with statisticians and health economists from all over the world (€50,000). Khaled was the project leader (PI) for this research. One of the outcomes for this project was an International Epidemiology Workshop on Occupational and Public Health, which was held in Aachen University in 2010, and which Khaled chaired. Another outcome of this project was a book focusing on maternal and child health in developing countries. This book was published in spring 2013, entitled Advanced Techniques for Modelling Maternal and Child Health in Africa.

Another example of generating income and work with numerous partners is Khaled's collaboration in leadership in research into childhood diseases in developing countries, funded by DFS (Deutsch Forschungsgemeinschaft Sonderforschungsbereich) in Germany. This was a three-year project (2006-2009) with a total fund of €100,560. The focus of this project was to investigate the risk factors associated with maternal and child health issues in developing countries. He led (PI) this project and took on project management duties, including managing a team of three researchers and two research assistants. The findings of this project were published in one of the high-impact journals on tropical medicine. Khaled developed (Munich University) geoadditive latent variable models, taking coughs, fevers and diarrhoea as well as stunting and malnutrition as observable indicators for the latent variables of morbidity and mortality

 This model was tested and approved (2006) by the Institute of Statistics, Munich University, and has since been used widely.

Munich University, Aachen University, Qatar University and Qatar foundation, Ohio University, Cape town University, Sheffield University, University of Michigan, NIHR, MS society, DRI, CCG

Publications

Other activities

Editorships:

Editor,  ( Since 2019)

Academic Editor, PLOS ONE Journal (since 2017).

Editorial Board, Biostatistics and Epidemiology journal (2018)

 Executive Editor in Chief, Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine (since 2011)

 Editorial Board, Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine (since 2011)

 Scientific Consultation Board, Royal Statistical Society, London (since 2010)

Reviewer: 

Rater for the NIHR Dissemination Centre (since 2015

 External Examiner - Aachen University, Munich University

 Reviewer, American Journal of Tropical and Hygiene

 Reviewer, Social Science & Medicine

 Reviewer, International Journal of equity and health

 Reviewer, Journal of Health and Place

 Reviewer, Journal of Nutrition & Food Sciences

 Reviewer, National Institute for Health Ï㽶ÊÓƵ (NIHR)

 Reviewer, The Economic and Social Ï㽶ÊÓƵ Council (ESRC)

 Reviewer, Medical Ï㽶ÊÓƵ Council (MRC)

Postgraduate supervision

• Cost-Effectiveness of Atypical Antipsy-chotics for the treatment of Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia in Thailand (2018).
• Assessing the impact of reducing risk factors for cardiovascular disease in Thailand (completed, SHU, 2015).
• Radiological surveillance of former asbestos exposed power industry workers (completed, 2013)